The phrase "Temples of Modern India" was introduced by Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister. He used this term while laying the foundation for the Bhakra Nangal Dam. This phrase symbolizes the significance of scientific research institutes, steel plants, power generation facilities, and dams that emerged in India after gaining independence in 1947. Nehru believed that these projects were essential for India's industrial and scientific advancement.
The Role of Key Projects
Bhakra Nangal Dam
The Bhakra Nangal Dam is one of the largest multipurpose projects on the Sutlej River. It was built to provide irrigation, ensure water supply, and generate hydroelectric power. This dam plays a crucial role in enhancing agricultural productivity in the region and supports the economic growth of northern India.
Establishment of Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs)
Under Nehru's guidance, many Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) were established. These government-owned corporations were created to manage key sectors of the economy such as steel, coal, and energy. Major PSUs like Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) and National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) were initiated to boost domestic production and job creation.
Scientific Research Institutes
Nehru's vision also extended to educational and research facilities. Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) were founded to develop technical expertise in engineering and technology. The IITs have played a pivotal role in producing skilled professionals who contribute to India's growing economy, especially in fields like information technology and engineering.
Importance of Industrialization
Nehru promoted heavy industries as a means to foster economic growth. He aimed to reduce India's dependency on foreign imports by developing domestic industries. The establishment of industries such as textiles, telecommunications, and manufacturing has been critical in achieving self-sufficiency.
Policy Framework and Institutions
The Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 was a significant legislation that laid down the foundation for a mixed economy in India. The resolution emphasized the need for both public and private sectors in economic development. Institutions like the Planning Commission (now NITI Aayog) were created to implement these plans and monitor progress.
Conclusion
Jawaharlal Nehru's vision of "Temples of Modern India" reshaped the country’s industrial and scientific landscape. Projects like the Bhakra Nangal Dam, the establishment of PSUs, and academic institutions like IITs have paved the way for progress. This holistic approach helped India emerge as a self-reliant nation, capable of meeting the aspirations of its citizens. Today, these "temples" continue to symbolize India's commitment to development and technological advancement.