Historical Ties
The relationship between India and Bahrain boasts a rich and extensive history that stretches back generations. Notably, many prominent figures from Bahrain have had significant connections to India, highlighting the deep cultural and intellectual exchange between the two regions. Among these luminaries is Ebrahim Al-Arrayedh, a distinguished poet and constitutionalist, who spent his formative years in Bombay. His experiences in India shaped his perspectives and contributions to Bahraini society.
In addition to Al-Arrayedh, the influence of Bahraini theologians during the 17th century cannot be overlooked. Sheikh Salih Al-Karzakani and Sheikh Ja`far bin Kamal al-Din played pivotal roles in the intellectual life of the Kingdom of Golkonda, a historic region in India known for its cultural and scholarly output. Their contributions significantly impacted the development of Shia thought in the Indian sub-continent, showcasing the interconnectivity of religious and philosophical ideas across borders.
Diplomatic Beginnings
In a formal sense, diplomatic relations between India and Bahrain took a significant step forward in 1974, with the appointment of Mohammed Hasan Kamaluddin as Bahrain's first consul general to India. Based in Mumbai, his role marked a newfound recognition of the importance of fostering bilateral ties. While the consulate in Mumbai served as a bridge for diplomatic communication, it also facilitated cultural and economic exchanges, further deepening the historical connections between the two nations.
Bahrain's expatriate Indian community has also played a vital role in strengthening these relations. Today, they represent one of the largest populations in Bahrain, contributing to the economic, cultural, and social fabric of the Kingdom. The longstanding history of interaction between the two regions serves as a testament to their resilience and shared heritage, paving the way for continued collaboration in the modern era.
Current Status
Bahrain and India have fostered a relationship that dates back decades, with significant advancements taking place in recent years to strengthen these ties. In 2007, a landmark event unfolded when Khalifa Al-Dhahrani, the Parliamentary Speaker of Bahrain, led a delegation of parliamentarians and business leaders to India. This visit aimed to meet key Indian political figures, including President Pratibha Patil and opposition leader L.K. Advani. It demonstrates the political inclination of Bahraini leaders to seek partnerships and training opportunities with India, which are perceived as more accessible compared to Western alternatives, particularly the United States. This strategic alignment opens avenues for collaboration in various sectors beneficial to both nations.
In December 2007, the establishment of the Bahrain India Society in Manama marked a significant step in cultivating bilateral relations. Under the leadership of Abdulnabi Al-Shoala, the former Minister of Labour, the Society aims to leverage Bahrain's civil society's growth to enhance connections across various domains, not only in business but also within politics, social affairs, science, and culture. The launch event was notable, attended by both India's Minister of State for Foreign Affairs, E. Ahmed, and Bahrain's counterpart, Dr. Nazar Al-Baharna, highlighting the mutual desire to better understand and support each other's objectives.
Diplomatic insights further reaffirm the positive dynamics between the two nations. A US diplomatic cable from November 4, 2009, which surfaced during the WikiLeaks incident, suggested that King Hamad harbors a favorable perspective of India and encourages the United States to leverage India's influence in regions like Afghanistan. Such endorsements from a prominent Middle Eastern leader underscore India's growing importance in regional diplomacy and strategic partnerships.
Bahrain's ruler Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa's visit to India in February 2014 underscored the burgeoning relationship, with both countries signing several memorandums of understanding (MOUs) that facilitated US$450 million in bilateral trade and investment commitments. High-level discussions during this visit addressed the significant Indian diaspora in Bahrain, which numbers over 350,000, reflecting India’s long-standing presence and contributions to Bahraini society. Additionally, India has signaled its support for Bahrain's aspiration of a non-permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council for the term 2026-27.
The relationship reached new heights with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's historic visit to Bahrain on August 24-25, 2019. This visit not only marked the first time an Indian Prime Minister traveled to the island nation but also facilitated the signing of three critical MoUs focusing on space exploration, cultural exchanges, and participation in the International Solar Alliance. In recognition of Modi's efforts to bolster bilateral ties, King Hamad conferred upon him the prestigious Member 1st Class of the King Hamad Order of the Renaissance. Furthermore, Modi's visit included significant cultural engagements, notably his prayers at the Shreenathji temple in Manama, which is the oldest temple in Bahrain, coupled with the inauguration of a US$4.2 million redevelopment project for the temple complex. On a notable humanitarian note, the same day, Bahrain announced that it would grant pardons to 250 Indian nationals imprisoned in the country, further solidifying the philanthropic aspects of their relationship.
Through continued diplomacy, cultural exchanges, and economic discussions, Bahrain and India are positioned to deepen their ties, marking a significant chapter in their ongoing collaboration.